IJssellaan 167c

The sisters Sali Wolfromm-Blümlein (68) and Hanna Blümlein (66) lived together with housemate Selma Fromm-Gattmann (65) in an upstairs apartment at this address. All three lived here for two years and four months.
Sali and her sister Hanna were both born in Untereisenheim. Sali the eldest on May 31, 1874, her sister Hanna two years later on June 8, 1876. Their younger sister Babette (Beti) (59) was also born here. They came from a family of nine children. Sali married Raphael Wolfromm in May 1900, but was widowed early. Her husband died in July 1926.
Together with sister Hanna, Sali fled from Schweinfurt to The Hague in early February 1939. Their sister Beti had already emigrated there in 1937 with her husband Sigmund Oppenheimer. As foreign refugees, however, they had to leave the coastal region again from September 1940.
Sali and Hanna were the first to go to Gouda. On November 20, 1940, they moved to the IJssellaan, near the corner with the Burgemeester Martenssingel. A few months later, in February 1941, sister Beti and Sigmund settled at 59 Westhaven.
All were made stateless by the German Nazi regime in November 1941 as German Jews living abroad. In addition, they increasingly suffered from the anti-Jewish measures of the occupation administration. In July 1942 the forced transport of Jews began. Soon things went wrong with sister Beti and husband.
In mid-October, the police arrested Beti and Sigmund. A Gouda police daily report of 13 October 1942 states that the police transported them to Amsterdam in a group of twenty-seven Gouda Jews by train. From there they had to go to Westerbork. On October 26, they were murdered in Auschwitz. Within two weeks of their arrest in Gouda
Sali and Hanna still had half a year to live, but there was no escaping the Nazi terror for them either. They were arrested during the big raid of April 9, 1943. On that evening the Jewish retirement home on the Oosthaven was evacuated by the SS and the police. About fifty remaining Jews in Gouda were also arrested. In the evening, about a hundred Jewish Gouwenaars had to take a long train via Rotterdam to Westerbork. The train did not arrive at the transit camp until the afternoon of April 10. On April 27, Hanna and Sali were deported to extermination camp Sobibor. Here they were murdered three days later on April 30, 1943. Three weeks after their expulsion from Gouda.
Widow Selma Fromm-Gattmann (65) lived as long as the sisters in the house at 167c IJssellaan. Selma was born on September 18, 1877 in Schwanfeld. She married Hermann Fromm in May 1901 and lived with him in Düren. Like housemate Sali, Selma was widowed early. Her husband died in June 1932.
In 1938 she fled Germany to the Netherlands. She first lived in Vaals, and from 1939 in The Hague. Because, like the sisters, she was not allowed to stay in the coastal region as a foreign refugee, she left for Gouda.
Selma came to live on IJssellaan on November 20, 1940 with Sali and Hanna. Together with them, she was also arrested during the major raid of 9 April 1943 and deported to Westerbork via Rotterdam in a group of approximately one hundred Jews from Gouda. And just like her, she was deported to Sobibor on April 27 and killed immediately after arrival three days later. Selma's daughter Klara (Claire) survived. She safely escaped to the US in the 1930s, got married and lived to be 84 years old.
Now three Stolpersteine in the sidewalk of IJssellaan 167c remind us of the name and fate of Sali, Hanna and Selma.

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