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Aaltje Nathans was the oldest daughter of Simon Nathans and Betje de Jong. She married Philip Polak from Schoonoord, a son of Simon Polak and Bettje van Rhijn on 4 May 1910 (Gr.). The couple had two children, t.w. Betje and Simon.

Aaltje, her husband and her children were all murdered during the Sjoa, albeit at different times and in different places. Aaltje's husband Philip Polak was probably in the Port Natal psychiatric hospital in Assen, where Jewish patients and management were removed by the occupier in 1943. Her husband Philip was murdered in Sobibor on April 23, 1943. Her daughter Betje, who worked as a saleswoman in the case of her uncle Izaak van Dam in Zuidlaren, was killed in Auschwitz on 8 October 1942 and her son Simon lost his life somewhere in Central Europe on March 31, 1943.

Aaltje himself was murdered in Sobibor on March 13, 1943. On the map from the archive of the Jewish Council of Aaltje Polak-Nathans it was stated that she arrived in Camp Westerbork on March 9, 1943, but was already deported to Sobibor the next day, apparently before registered there. (See note on its map of the Jewish Council "Bereits vor Reg registratur abgereist-presumably 10-3-1943 on transport").

Aaltje's parents had a total of eight children. Those were Klara, Nathan, Salomon David, Sophia, Eva, David Simon, Anna and Aaltje himself. Only her brother Nathan died at a rather young age, he died in 1913, aged 27 years. All other brothers and sisters of Aaltje were also murdered in the Sjoa.

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