Adalgisa Ascoli was born in Rome on 7 May 1887, the daughter of Leonardo Ascoli and Clotilde Efrati. She later lived in Bolzano/Bozen, where she had resided since 1928 and worked as a saleswoman. From 1939 she lived at Erbsengasse 8 / Vicolo delle Erbe 8, the address where a Stolperstein now commemorates her.
After the German occupation of northern Italy, she was arrested in Bolzano on 17 September 1943. On 28 September 1943 she was taken from the Bolzano prison and deported. Sources indicate that she was probably sent via the Reichenau camp toward Auschwitz-Birkenau, though some details of her deportation route remain uncertain. Her exact place and date of death are unknown. She was murdered during the Holocaust.