Yes. Stolpersteine commemorate all groups that the Nazis persecuted between 1933 and 1945, and this includes homosexual men. Their stones are laid in the same way as all others, in front of the last home the person chose freely. Gunter Demnig, a German artist, started the project in 1992. There are now more than 100,000 Stolpersteine in about 30 European countries.
What the stone says
A Stolperstein is a concrete block of about 10 by 10 by 10 centimetres with a brass plate on top. The text is stamped into the brass by hand, letter by letter. The inscription usually begins with “HIER WOHNTE” in German, “HIER WOONDE” in Dutch or “ICI HABITAIT” in French, which all mean “here lived”. It then gives the name, the year of birth and what happened to the person.
Where the stone lies
A stone lies in front of the last home the person chose freely, before they were forced to move, go into hiding or were arrested. Sometimes it lies in front of a workplace or school instead. One stone is laid for one person.
Who requests a stone
Relatives, residents, schools, local foundations and history societies request stones and pay for them. Local volunteers research the person’s life in archives, look for relatives and ask the municipality for permission, because the pavement is public ground. Stones are laid in a small ceremony, where names are read aloud and flowers are often laid.
Finding stones on the map
On the map you can search by name, street or city. Select an address to see who is commemorated there, with a photo when one is available. Stichting 18 September, a foundation in Eindhoven, keeps the database behind the map. Since 2019 it has kept records of Stolpersteine in the Netherlands and Belgium, and it now also covers stones in other countries.
Search the map for a name, street or city to find stones near you.
Read on
Are there Stolpersteine for Nazi 'euthanasia' murder victims?
Yes. Stolpersteine commemorate victims of the Nazi 'euthanasia' murders of sick and disabled people. Here is how to find their stones on the map.
Why do some Stolpersteine say 'survived'?
Some Stolpersteine are laid for people who survived, for example by fleeing or going into hiding, so that families are shown complete. Here is how to find them.
How do you clean a Stolperstein? Step by step.
Anyone may clean a Stolperstein, and no permission is needed. Rub the brass with polish on a soft cloth, let it dry, then polish again with a clean cloth.
